Gloups
Definition: a blow hole, where a chimney has developed behind the cliff
face, often above a cave, and spray is blasted out during high seas. From Old
Norse glup, a throat. The Irish would call these 'puffer holes' from the
way in which spray erupts from them in high seas
Gloups are a reminder that cliffs may become riddled with
tunnels which remain largely unseen from the cliff top. The excavation of
blowholes is a hidden process but the opening of the shaft must involve the
removal of material along intersecting lines of weakness provided by crossing
joints and fractures. Gloups often lead down into caverns and the opening of the
gloup can be seen as the first step in the block by block collapse of the cave
roof. The hydraulic forces as waves enter caves and compress water and air in
fractures must be very considerable and the withdrawal of the water may also
induce instantaneous vacuums and may promote cavitation.
The Cannon blowhole south of Esha lighthouse is unusual in that
in high seas water is blown out sideways from the cliff with a loud report.
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